Last reviewed: June 1, 2026

2005Science

Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo

Nimmerjahn A, Kirchhoff F, Helmchen F

Abstract summary

Seminal two-photon imaging study demonstrating that 'resting' microglia are in fact highly active, continuously extending and retracting their processes to survey the brain parenchyma. Established that microglia scan their local environment approximately every few hours. This work redefined the concept of microglial quiescence.

Evidence labels

animal model

Targets

Diseases

  • Brain aging

Species

mouse

Methods

two-photon microscopy, in vivo imaging

Therapeutic relevance

Established the surveillance paradigm for microglial function, foundational for interpreting microglial dynamics in disease.

Last reviewed: June 1, 2026