TYROBP
Tyrosine kinase-binding protein (DAP12)
Also known as: DAP12, KARAP, TYROBP
Biology & Mechanism
TYROBP (DAP12) is a transmembrane signaling adaptor that pairs with multiple activating receptors on microglia, including TREM2. It contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) that recruits and activates downstream kinases including Syk. TYROBP is a hub of the microglial gene network and its expression is co-regulated with TREM2 and other innate immune receptor genes.
Open Questions
- —How does TYROBP signaling integrate inputs from multiple activating receptor partners?
- —What are the transcriptional consequences of TYROBP network disruption in human microglia?
- —Can TYROBP-driven network activity be modulated pharmacologically without global immune suppression?
Sources
- Alzheimer's disease: early alterations in brain DNA methylation at ANK1, BIN1, RHBDF2 and other loci (2015)
Last reviewed: June 1, 2026